Subliminal Messages Should Not Be Legal - 1201 Words

Subliminal messages By: Edianis Seda Advanced Placement Psychology Mr. Cuetara June, 4th 2015 Abstract Subliminal messages are messages that are perceived in the unconscious mind that most of the time we are not aware of. These messages are mainly designed to influence that way we think and feel. They are used to get people to buy products from their company. Subliminal messages can be perceived auditory or visually. Subliminal messages should not be legal and should be banned from being used in advertisement for it can lead to negative results. There should be another way to advertise that. Doesn’t involve manipulating our minds into buying the products. Subliminal messages are messages that are either auditory or visual which is presented below the normal limits of perception. An example of a subliminal messages would be that a message might be inaudible to the conscious mind but may be audible to the unconscious mind, in this case a deeper part of your mind. Subliminal messages may also be in other cases an image that is unperceived but will be perceived deeper in your mind. To put in simpler terms, subliminal messages are basically hypnotism that many companies may use to encourage people to buy the product they re selling. According to the article The Influence of Subliminal Messages, it states that subliminal messages can influence our attitudes and behavior. Also, under certain circumstances of course, subliminal messages may or may not have theShow MoreRelatedSubliminal Messages Essay example2356 Words   |  10 Pagesembedded secret messages into this research paper to manipulate you into giving me an A? If you didn’t consciously perceive â€Å"secret messages† but you did perceive them subconsciously, then they would be called subliminal. The word â€Å"subliminal† literally means â€Å"below the threshold† (Encarta 99). The threshold is the level at which you are aware of stimuli, so if something is below the threshold, or subliminal, you are not consciously aware of it. Therefore, you may be receiving messages and obeying themRead MoreEthical Issues in Marketing3405 Words   |  14 PagesInformation and Communication technologies: As ICTs evolve so do marketing prac tices. If yesterday it was television that revolutionized the way advertisements could create a lasting impact on the consumer, then today the internet and phone text messages are doing just that. 2. The world today is an increasingly global village: Social and ethnic boundaries are fast falling in the wake of cable television and the like. 3. Rapid economic expansions in countries like China and India have meant thatRead MoreThe Suicide Health Prevention Hotline996 Words   |  4 PagesPhysician-assisted suicide is a practice where doctors decide to help end their hopelessly ill patient’s life painlessly even if he or she requests for it (Assisted Suicide). If doctors do follow the patient’s desired death, then are the doctors sending subliminal message saying these patients’ lives are now meaningless. Many believe the doctors treating the patients do not have the right to take lives instead save them, which leads to the religious factor in this situation. The y believe the only way someoneRead MoreGender, Ethnicity, And Social Class945 Words   |  4 Pagesacceptance. Nella Larsen’s novel Passing uses the theme to describe a biracial character blending into the white race through times when legal and social traditions classified the person as Black. When Larsen wrote the novel, racial discrimination existed and so did the discrimination for those who were homosexual. Most readers overlooked the subversive message of the role of sexuality that is written throughout the novel. Larsen shows the homosexual desire both between Irene and Clare and also inRead MoreEssay on Crime Against True Beauty1058 Words   |  5 Pagesthese may not even catch the direct notice of many but the subliminal effect of these pictures and slogans cannot easily be avoided. Still furthering the propaganda of pop-culture, celebrities and models strut their thin and proportionate figures through the minds of young girls to bring the message that they arent g ood enough as they are because these girls do not quite measure up to the physical prowess of a supermodel. This message should of course be found laughable but sadly the all too commonRead MoreThe Consumption Function Of Marketing And Promotions Drive Them For Buying Unnecessary Things?875 Words   |  4 PagesBasic needs: refers to those fundamental requirements that serve as the foundation for survival. Knowing the difference between consumption and consumerism, it is important to understand that our expenses depends on basics needs and priorities. It should not be based on emotions or temporary feelings, the trends or the marketing. Many people usually buy goods to satisfy emotional necessities, because it made them happy†. II. Methodology Based in articles about the consumption and the problemsRead MoreWhy People Buy Unneeded Things Essay905 Words   |  4 PagesBasic needs: refers to those fundamental requirements that serve as the foundation for survival. Knowing the difference between consumption and consumerism, it is important to understand that our expenses depends on basics needs and priorities. It should not be based on emotions or temporary feelings, the trends or the marketing. Many people usually buy goods to satisfy emotional necessities, because it made them happy. As indicated by the article, How consumerism influences the general publicRead MoreEssay on T-205 Exam 1 Study Guide2735 Words   |  11 Pageswithout automaticity We would be overwhelmed with information (d) What are the advantages and disadvantages of automaticity? Advantages ïÆ'   allows us to get through a great deal of decisions with almost no effort Disadvantages ïÆ'   we miss a lot of messages and often make poor exposure decisions (e) When do we consciously process information that is derived from the media? When we know what we are looking for and consciously seek out that information (f) How do advertisers and producers tryRead MoreDesigning An Advertisement Campaign On Beauty Salon1403 Words   |  6 PagesAchievable: Every employee does their job in perfect way and help to achieve the target. †¢ Realistic: advertising purpose and resources are realistic and help to achieve the goal. †¢ Timing – map out a clear, achievable timeframe in which the objectives should be achieved. †¢ What is the promotion/Campaign or advertising? To increase the number of customers of beauty salon we can give advertisements in many different ways. Moreover, Advertising is the deliberate, planned external communication of informationRead MoreAnalysis Of Barbie Doll And We Wear The Mask1147 Words   |  5 Pagesand others are forced to wear to provide an illusion of happiness, and cover up their real emotions from the rest of the world. Dunbar asks the rhetorical question of why the world should know their true emotions and be â€Å"over-wise† in counting their tears and sighs. He answers his own question by saying that they should only let them see them with their masks on. He concludes, by calling onto a higher power, exclaiming that the higher power is the only one that knows their true emotions, but he wants

Analysis of “Prayer” by Carol Ann Duffy - 1755 Words

Analysis of â€Å"Prayer† by Carol Ann DuffyLouise Erdrich Yue Jiang 105034154 The Prayer, written in 1993 by, Carol Ann DuffyLouise Erdrich, has a close relationship with Julia Kristeva’s essay â€Å"Revolution in Poetic Language†. According to psychoanalysis, when people are babies, they are irrational and emotional. All their need is to be cared for. Their needs should be demandedmet, either for food, or caring or other things. A baby considers the person who offers satisfies them this need as â€Å"mother†. In addition, all their language and image of the world in this stage are acquired through the mother. The essay, â€Å"Revolution in Poetic Language†, written by Julia Kristeva, selected in The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism says†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, it lets the minims in, which may mean something that can comfort her and ease her. It is a way of searching for the peace and tranquility of heart. â€Å"So me nights, although we are faithless, the truth enters our heart, that small familiar pain; then a man will stand stock-still, hearing his youth in the distant Latin chanting of a train.† (DuffyErdrich, P2007)6. Truth always hurts people, especially when they are faithless. The third and fourth lines of the second quatrain give such an image of a man, though painful, heartbreaking, seeing his youth far away in the darkness, hearing the chanting, which makes him reflect about himself, find his identity and realise the world. This quatrain reveals the ruthlessness of reality, and how much people are longing for the care-free and warm, comforting babyhood. In the â€Å"Revolution in Poetic Language†, KristevaJulia cited that, â€Å"Freud notes that the most instinctual drive is the death drive. In this way, the term ‘drive’ denotes waves of attack against stases, which are themselves constituted by the repetition of these charges; together, charges and stases lead to no identity (not even that of the ‘body proper’) that could be seen as a result of their functioning.† (Kristeva, P2173)7. In this way, people go to great lengths to defendse themselves and to looking for security and identity. â€Å"Pray for us now. Grade I pianoShow MoreRelatedCarol Ann Duffy Poems Analysis8144 Words   |  33 PagesOriginally Introduction Memories play a significant role in the poetry of Carol Ann Duffy, particularly her recollections of childhood places and events. The poem â€Å"Originally,† published in The Other Country (1990), draws specifically from memories of Duffys familys move from Scotland to England when she and her siblings were very young. The first-born child, Duffy was just old enough to feel a deep sense of personal loss and fear as she traveled farther and farther away from the only place sheRead MoreCarol Ann Duffy2780 Words   |  12 PagesAnalysis by theme – Carol Ann Duffy CHILDHOOD Notes from â€Å"Originally† Repeatedly returns to the metaphor of childhood as a â€Å"country† – echoes of L.P. Hartley’s â€Å"The past is a foreign country; they do things differently there. Notion of past being intimately associated with place, and that adulthood is a journey away from it. â€Å"All childhood is an emigration.†/ â€Å"I want our own country†. Fear of being in an alien place as a child reflected in the alienation of adult life. â€Å"I lost a riverRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSouthern Adventist University Scott Campbell, Francis Marion University Elena Capella, University of San Francisco ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xxxi Don Capener, Monmouth University Dan Caprar, University of Iowa David Carmichael, Oklahoma City University Carol Carnevale, SUNY Empire State College Donald W. Caudill, Bluefield College Suzanne Chan, Tulane University Anthony Chelte, Midwestern State University Bongsoon Cho, State University of New York—Buffalo Savannah Clay, Central Piedmont Community College

BP Crisis Communication Free Essays

A crisis was exactly what British Petroleum (referred to as ‘BP throughout the paper) went through in 2010. It was particularly important to communicate the right way taking all considerations into account. We were wondering how the specific crisis went so wrong and if the use of specific communication strategy was beneficial or not. We will write a custom essay sample on BP Crisis Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hence, the communication strategies used to overcome the crisis can be used by many other companies in the future as guidelines of how to do and, maybe more important, how not to. Also, the intervention from the American government, the pressure from the local community and how the media was used, is extremely important in the BP case. This paper intends to show how BP communicated and reacted throughout the crisis. It will discuss the challenges BP had and it will especially focus on how BP actually reacted to the crisis and how they perhaps should have reacted differently, including the use of communication theories. Finally, the paper will outline the consequences of the crisis on both organization and communication strategy. On April 20, 2010, the Departed Horizon oil-drilling rig explosion in the Gulf of Mexico resulted in the deaths of 11 rig workers, but public attention quickly shifted from their deaths to the following environmental and economic damages – the incident was described as the worst maritime oil spill accident in history, as the accident released over 18 million gallons of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. Three months passed before BP substantially stopped the leak, all the while the crisis was evilly covered by all news media in the United States as well as internationally. As a result of this, the BP oil spill case serves an excellent example of analysis of BSP crisis communication. L The total cost of BP to indemnify the clean up of the environment and funds to affected workers has reached almost two billion dollars. 2 2 www. Guardian. Co. UK/business/2012/July/31 /BP-departed-horizon-costs Page 4 of 28 Incorporated in 1909 in England , BP has become one of the world’s largest multinational companies operating in more than 80 countries 4, leading in oil and as industry, including exploration and production, refining, distribution, extracting and producing renewable energy. The company provides their customers with energy for heating and lighting, fuel for transportation and energy for retail services and petrochemical products. BP employs approximately 80,000 employees, and sales and other operating revenues add up to $375,517 million in 20116 . Finally BP is also a conglomerate owning several brands such as: ORAL, ARC, Castro, amp and The Wild Bean Cafe ©. Having settled â€Å"BP and the Departed Horizon Crisis† as the case, which this paper ill centre around, the problem statement is as follows: To which extent has BP successfully communicated during the Departed Horizon Crisis? In order to examine the problem statement the paper will attempt to address the following issues: I) Characterize how BP communicated during the crisis. It) Analyses the effects of BSP communicative strategies. Iii) Discuss and evaluate whether or not BP has been successful in dealing with the crisis seen from a communicative perspective. In this paper a broad spectrum of empirical data has been used. However, most of the empirical data has been found through articles in different newspapers – the use f different newspapers and their viewpoints has given us very diversified inputs throughout the paper. But this does not exclude a use of quantitative data which, amongst other things, have been used to illuminate the several attempts of BP to use CARS-strategies, and underline the immense loss of fiscal funds the crisis has caused. The rather specific choices of qualitative data have been used to shed light on the different views of the crisis – and the several statements pointing toward similar conclusions have helped to support the points made and clarify a rather eventful crisis. In addition, the conclusions deducted throughout the paper have been supported by theories worked with in classes and the additional http://www. BP. Com/liveliness/BP_internet/global/Stating/global_assets/ downloads/F/ OFF_2007_2011 _full_book. PDF 4 http://www. BP. Com/liveliness/BP_internet/global/Stating/global_assets/ downloads/l/BP_20-F_2009. PDF 5 http://www. BP. Com/Congregationalists. Do? Category=3contentld=2006926 6 http://www. BP. Com/Congregationalists. Do? Category=3contentld=2006926 page 5 of 28 theories which proved to be necessary or helpful. In the beginning of the work with he case study of BSP crisis response, a pretty sufficient understanding of the crisis as a whole was in place, we assumed, but as the paper progressed and different theories were applied our understanding of BP and the relationship to their stakeholders grew. The quantitative data used also comes from BSP own publications as well as articles from different international online newspapers. Of course, the reader must have in mind that BSP own figures, occasionally, might have been used to strengthen their image and not only inform the reader. When examining and analyzing the Deep Water Horizon oil spill crisis, this paper is et out to delimit the case by answering our initial problem statement. To narrow our focus down to the relevant aspects in the case we have decided to delimit our analysis to the main stakeholders, including: (I) the American government; (it) the local society; and (iii) the media. This has been done not only due to the formal constraints of the paper, but also in order to go into depth with these stakeholders, who we reckon to be, of major importance to this crisis within the given delimitation’s of this paper. In order to answer this paper we find it necessary to make a common definition of a crisis. Extensive studies have been carried out on crisis communications over the past two decades. A brief review of literature on this subject reveals that there are several definitions of organizational crisis, depending on theorists’ different viewpoints on what constitutes a crisis. Herman claimed that to reach the level of a crisis, the event must contain three negative attributes: surprise, threat, and short response time. Surprise means that the organization did not prepare for the magnitude of the crisis. Threat means that the event poses a threat to the organization’s financial security, customers, surrounding environment etc. Short response time refers to the urgent need of preventive action in order to stop an intensification of the crisis. 7 For the purpose of this paper the following deduction of a definition off crisis is found useful: Hermann, C. F. , 1963. Some consequences of crisis which limit the viability of organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 8, p. 61-82. Page 6 of 28 W. Timothy Combs utilizes the interconnectivity of these three attributes to make his definition of a crisis: â€Å"A crisis can be defined as an event that is an unpredictable, major threat that can have a negative effect on the organization, industry, or takeovers if handled improperly. â€Å"8 Furthermore, according to the very same book, organizations frequently find themselves in situations that can be identified as crisis. There are no exceptions; â€Å"We must accept that no organization is immune from a crisis anywhere in the world even if that organization is vigilant and actively seeks to prevent crises. † (Combs Holiday, 2010: p. 7). This reality urges the need for preparation and readiness to respond – what is called crisis management. The major difference between handling an issue and an actual crisis is that an issue turns into crisis when it goes from the company domain into the public domain; a situation, which sometimes is inevitable no matter how compe tent the management is. 9 10 The term ‘a crisis within a crisis’, or a so-called ‘double-crisis’, as coined by Danish professors Finn Freedmen and Winning Johannes, refers to a situation where a company experiences a communication crisis that overshadows the initial crisis. 1 A crisis within a crisis naturally has negative implications for a company since it emphasizes weaknesses in the company’s internal structure and/or interactions with stakeholders. The term is relevant to apply to this particular case because its give an accurate description of the consequences of BSP communicative strategy. The agenda setting theory distinguishes between two levels of agenda setting in the media. The first level deals with the significance of an organization where an organization receives more media attention then other related organizations. The second level relates to associations or topics that the public associates with a particular organization. 12 One of the important aspects when dealing with the media is the agenda, which stakeholders often associate to organizations. The agenda setting theory is related to this assumption and therefore is significant to apply when analyzing BSP media relations. Combs, T. W. Holiday, S. J. 2010. The Handbook of Crisis Communications. Wiley- Blackwell, p. 18. Benches, Claus. Guest Lecturer, Global Media Relations Manager at Damon. Gave a lecture on crisis communication on Tuesday the 20th of November. 10 Benches, Claus. Guest Lecturer, Global Media Relations Manager at Damon. Gave a lecture on crisis communication on Tuesday the 20th of November. From his PDF on Crisis Communication. 11 http://pure. AU. Dc/portal-cab-student/files/10106/ Crisis_communication_-_Not_Just_peanuts. PDF 12 Cornelius, Jeep. 2011. Corporate Communication – A Guide to Theory and Practice. Page 146. 9 page 7 of 28 An important element for an organization, according to protect its own reputation, is the communication with stakeholders. As a company might have many different stakeholders it is important to have a tool to categories them. Once the stakeholders are categorized the organization will be able to decide, how and how much it should communicate with this stakeholder. In general when describing stakeholders this paper is using Edward Freeman’s definition of a stakeholder: A stakeholder is any group or individual who can affect or is affected but the achievement of the organization’s purpose and objectives†. 3 In order to categories stakeholders this assignment will use the ‘Stakeholder salience model’. The superiority of this model is that while being extremely simple to use it is also extremely precise when in its finding of how much effort the organization should use when communicating with each category of stakeholder, and even more important; how the company should communicate with its various stakeholders. The model is based on â€Å"salience†, defined as the visibility of the stakeholder to the organization using three parameters; (a) the power of the stakeholder group, (b) the legitimacy of the claim laid upon the organization, and (c) the urgency of how important the claim is according to the need of an immediate action. The purpose of the model is to define how salient a stakeholder group is. The model is based on seven different types of stakeholder groups; (1) Dormant stakeholders are the ones with dominant power and the ability to affect other groups of stakeholders. They are not able to legitimate their claims, and power will only be dormant but have an influence anyway. Mostly, this would be wealthy stakeholders. (2) Discretionary stakeholders are stakeholders with a high degree of legitimacy but without the necessary power to influence the organization. (3) Demand stakeholders are the ones with urgent claims but without power and the necessary legitimacy to enforce them. (4) Dominant stakeholders are the group of stakeholders representing both legitimacy and power. These are stakeholders having great influence on the organization, e. G. Owners and big investors. (5) Dangerous stakeholders are people with both urgent and claims on power. In addition, these will often attempt to use unfair† means. (6) Dependent stakeholders are those who rely on others to get their claims carried out – mostly because of the lack of power. Finally, (7) Definitive stakeholders can be identified as the ones having both legitimacy and urgency as well as power. These are the most powerful stakeholders and it is strictly Cornelius, Jeep. 011. Corporate Communication – A Guide to Theory and Practice. Page 42. Page 8 of 28 necessary for the organization to keep close communication with these. Normally, it would be definitive stakeholders who can also be classified as the shareholders. Once the stakeholders are categorized, the firm can now decide on strategy of communication. When researching strategies of communication, this paper has used the basic framework of communicative strategy given to us in â€Å"Corporate Communication – A Guide to Theory and Practice†14 . The framework generally provides three different strategies. This framework is chosen because of its simplicity when it comes to numbers of strategies and complexity when it comes to ways of communicating within each strategy, hence the framework provide an extremely useful tool when analyzing and discussing what mind of communication BP has conducted, how it worked, why the strategy did not work and why it might have worked better: Informal strategy is a strategy of simple informing about something through; newsletters, press releases etc. This strategy is hence based on the idea that objective information about the organization should be passed on to the relevant stakeholders. Persuasive strategy uses tools such as advertising and meetings/discussions with stakeholders. The general aim of this strategy is to change the stakeholders’ image into a more favorable one or to create particular understanding with the organization’s decisions. The strategy will not create change in the organization, but rather aims to create change in the stakeholders’ perception of the organization and its decisions. Dialogue strategy aims to create a mutual understanding and/or mutual decisions between stakeholders and the organization. Timothy Combs divides a crisis into four different types with two different aspects. The four types are; faux pas, terrorism, accidents and transgressions. In addition, a crisis in this matrix can be of either internal or external, and intentional or unintentional characteristics. 1 5 How to cite BP Crisis Communication, Papers

Nestle Australia Used To Own Peter Ice Cream-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Nestle Australia Used To Own Peter Ice Cream? Answer: Introducation: Go to Nestle's Australian web site (www.nestle.com.au). Review its latest news and the Peter's brand page to identify recent new-product launches or promotional campaigns. Which segments of the market are these products/campaigns aimed at? Do you think they will be successful? Why or why not? Nestle Australia used to own Peters ice cream from mid 1990s to 2012. In 2012, Nestle announced to sell its brand of Peters ice cream to fund advised by Pacific Equity Partners. The sold amount was not disclosed by Nestle. Along with Peters ice cream, there were some of well-known sub brands that were also acquired such as original, light creamy, billabong, Frostly fruits and Monaco Bar. But in 2014, Peters ice cream was sold to RR ice cream a UK based firm. In 2016, Peter has now launches a new range of ice creams inspired by the Nestles confectionery brands. This ice cream range from Coles and Woolworth which consists of: Milo: flavored ice cream with choc pieces throughout Fantales: Caramel flavored ice cream with chocolate sauce and chewy caramels mixed in Smarties: Chocolate and Vanilla ice cream with mini smarties chocolates Peppermint Crisp: Peppermint flavored ice cream with chocolate sauce and crispy peppermint pieces. Fruit Tingles:Tutti frutti flavored ice cream with fruit tingle lollies. Even though Peters was sold by Nestle, they continued to work together and utilizing the power of both the brands together. The collaboration between these two brands has maximized the sales throughout the year. According to the two brands, ice cream and chocolates are counter-seasonal, ice cream is one of the highest sellers in summer and chocolate is highest seller in winter. Due to this the collaboration maintains their presence throughout the seasons. In recent year, Peters have collaborated with several other companies to create ice creams. Peters and Nestle are also working together to create a new product i.e. Milo Scoop Shake which should be sold in stores, milk bars, canteens and petrol stations. Nestle tries to keep all their target audience engage with the activities to promote the new launches and ensuring the increase in sales of product. Apart from Nestle, Peter has also collaborated with Arnotts to launch a new line of ice creams. The ice cream launches a range of Arnotts classic biscuits which includes Wagon Wheels, Mint Slice, Iced Vovo and Caramel Crowns. The major challenge is that the flavors of both the brands should be true to each other. The entire aim of this collaboration of these brands was to bring back childhood memories of eating Arnotts biscuit. Peters ice cream has collaborated with several other food brands to uplift their products among their target audience. These collaboration help both Peters as well as the firm to reach out to more and more audience through their new products and line of new flavored ice creams (Chan, 2012). It appears that Peters strategy would be successful as they have shown intelligence to launch the products that just fit together and complement each other. The good thing for Peters and Nestle is that the products under the category of Ice Cream and chocolates do not compete. Another possible success point is that the target audience of youth and millennials are less price sensitive and this is the reason that brand can actually charge a premium pricing. Discuss how worldwide demographic trends are affecting opportunities for international marketing and which industries are set to benefits from the ageing baby boomers. Business change the way in international market to remain profitable. There are certain trends in international business that should take advantage of changing environment to create a niche for the firm. One of trend that affects the international market is demographic shifts. There will always be shift in population in the industrialized world which is aging while several other developing countries still have youth population. The future of the countrys economy should be determined by the evolving demographic. The population growth in the developing nation is the source of rising domestic demand. Demographic factors such as size of population, population growth, rates, age, composition, family size, income levels are one of the significant implications of business (Neirotti, De Marco, Cagliano, Mangano Scorrano, 2014). Companies do not prefer to invest in the countries with less population. There might be huge chance of opportunities for some companies. However, countries with large population and with the advanced technologies can be one of the major causes to attract the market. The international trade and foreign investment usually take place between the nations. Due to the larger potential in these markets, the competitions are stronger in developed countries (Brush, 2012.). The countries with higher income level may also create problem for the investment from international traders. The decline in birth rate and consequent fall in the size of baby population, the market for baby products also gets shrunk. Due to these reasons, the companies have started to pay more attention to international business. With the decline in birth rate, there are several other industries starts to come into play. For Example, industries such as hotel, airline and restaurants, these industries have benefited for the childless couple to spend more time along with each other have spent their incomes for travel and eat out. In developing countries, the birth rate may have declined but the population growth rate is still high. With the steady increase in income rate marks the faster growth in the market. Population explosion will be one of the problems of developing countries that indicate the huge scope for several other industries. High population growth rate also has huge increment in labor supply. Cheap labor attract large amount of multinational companies to invest in those developing countries. Several companies have already relocated their product facilities entirely or partially to these developing countries to reduce their production cost and labor cost. For example, Automobile manufactures of US, Korea and Japan are setting up their manufacturing units in developing countries for exporting as well as for the local market (Bonoli, 2017). It is expected that the forces of Internet would continue to shape the e-commerce industry and a point would come when the international borders would not matter much. The key thing for international marketers is to ensure that a cultural fitment is achieved when the organizations are launching their products in new market. The cultural fit would ensure that the product is successfully placed in the new market Reference Chan, A.M., 2012. Patriotic marketing: an Australian case example. InProceedings of 5th Global Business and Social Sciences Research Conference: 25-26 June 2012, Radisson Blu Hotel, Beijing, China. Neirotti, P., De Marco, A., Cagliano, A.C., Mangano, G. and Scorrano, F., 2014. Current trends in Smart City initiatives: Some stylised facts.Cities,38, pp.25-36. Brush, C., 2012.International entrepreneurship: The effect of firm age on motives for internationalization(Vol. 5). Routledge. Bonoli, G., 2017.Labour market and social protection reforms in international perspective: parallel or converging tracks?. Taylor Francis.